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كتاب Microbial Water Quality لغير محدد

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المؤلف : غير محدد
الفئة : كتب علمية
سنة النشر : غير محدد
عدد الصفحات : غير محدد
عن الكتاب : Microbial Water Quality من كتب علمية An-Najah National University Faculty of Graduate ◌ Studies Microbial Water Quality in Nablus District By Muyasar Lutfe Abdul Fattah Menawee Supervisor Dr. Ansam Sawalha Dr. Issam Al-Khatib Submitted List of Content Page Dedication. iii Acknowledgment. iv List of content. v List of tables. viii List of abbreviation. ix Abstract. x Chapter one Literature Review 1 1 Introduction. 2 1.1 Nablus district. 3 1.1.1 Topography. 3 1.1.2 Geographical location. 3 1.1.3 Temperature. 4 1.1.4 Population 4 1.1.5 Humidity. 6 1.3.6 Water supply system in Nablus district. 6 1.2 Drinking water quality. 7 1.3 Microbial quality of water. 8 1.3.1 Water-borne pathogens and diseases. 9 1.3.1.1 Bacteria. 9 Salmonella. 9 Campylobacter jejuni. 10 Yersinia. 11 Shigella. 12 Vibrio cholerae. 13 Escherichia coli (0157:H7). 13 1.2.2.2 opportunistic pathogens. 14 Legionella. 14 Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 15 Mycobacterium. 16 1.2.2.3 Viruses. 16 Rotavirus. 17 Norwalk virus family. 18 Hepatitis A. 19 Adenovirus. 20 1.2.2.4 Protozoa. 20 Giardia lamblia 21 Cryptosporidium spp. 21 Entamoeba hestolytica 22 1.4 Microbial indicator of water quality. 23 1.4.1 Total coliform (TC) and E.coli. 24 7 Page 1.4.2 Fecal coliform (FC). 25 1.4.3 Other less commonly used bacterial indicator. 26 1.4.3.1 Fecal streptococci (Enterococci). 26 1.4.4.2 Sulfite-reducing Clostridia. 26 1.4.4.3 Bacteriophages. 27 1.5 Drinking water treatment. 28 The Challenge of disinfection by-product. 30 1.6 Objectives. 32 Chapter two Methodology 33 2.1 Types of collected samples 34 2.1.1 Area of collection. 34 2.1.2 The sources of samples. 34 2.1.3 The years of taken samples. 34 2.1.4 The season of taken samples 34 2.2 sample collection 35 2.3 Receiving samples at the laboratory 35 2.4 Detection of total coliforms. 35 2.5 detection of fecal coliforms. 36 2.6 Data analysis 36 Chapter three Results 37 3.1 Distribution of water samples. 38 3.1.1 Distribution according to years. 38 3.1.1.1 Concentration of free chlorine in the year studied 38 3.1.1.2 Levels of total coliform in the year studied. 39 3.1.1.3 Levels of fecal coliform in the year studied. 40 3.1.2 Distribution according to area. 41 3.1.2.1 Concentration of free chlorine in the area studied 41 3.1.2.2 Levels of total coliform in the area studied. 42 3.1.2.3 Levels of fecal coliform in the year studied. 42 3.1.3 Distribution according to sources of sampling. 43 3.1.3.1 Concentration of free chlorine and sources of sampling. 43 3.1.3.2 Levels of total coliform and sources of sampling. 44 3.1.3.3 Levels of fecal coliform and sources of sampling. 45 3.1.4 Distribution according to season. 46 3.1.4.1 Concentration of free chlorine and season. 46 3.1.4.2 Levels of total coliform and season. 47 3.1.4.3 Levels of fecal coliform and season. 48 Chapter four Discussion 49 4.1 Level of (FCR), (TC), (FC) in years studied. 50 4.2 Level of (FCR), (TC), (FC) in area studied. 51 4.3 Level of (FCR), (TC), (FC) and sources of sampling. 53 4.4 Level of (FCR), (TC), (FC) and the seasons. 54 8 Page Conclusion. 56 Recommendations. 57 Limitations. 58 References 59 .
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كتاب Microbial Water Quality

Microbial Water Quality من كتب علمية An-Najah National University Faculty of Graduate ◌ Studies Microbial Water Quality in Nablus District By Muyasar Lutfe Abdul Fattah Menawee Supervisor Dr. Ansam Sawalha Dr. Issam Al-Khatib Submitted List of Content Page Dedication. iii Acknowledgment. iv List of content. v List of tables. viii List of abbreviation. ix Abstract. x Chapter one Literature Review 1 1 Introduction. 2 1.1 Nablus district. 3 1.1.1 Topography. 3 1.1.2 Geographical location. 3 1.1.3 Temperature. 4 1.1.4 Population 4 1.1.5 Humidity. 6 1.3.6 Water supply system in Nablus district. 6 1.2 Drinking water quality. 7 1.3 Microbial quality of water. 8 1.3.1 Water-borne pathogens and diseases. 9 1.3.1.1 Bacteria. 9 Salmonella. 9 Campylobacter jejuni. 10 Yersinia. 11 Shigella. 12 Vibrio cholerae. 13 Escherichia coli (0157:H7). 13 1.2.2.2 opportunistic pathogens. 14 Legionella. 14 Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 15 Mycobacterium. 16 1.2.2.3 Viruses. 16 Rotavirus. 17 Norwalk virus family. 18 Hepatitis A. 19 Adenovirus. 20 1.2.2.4 Protozoa. 20 Giardia lamblia 21 Cryptosporidium spp. 21 Entamoeba hestolytica 22 1.4 Microbial indicator of water quality. 23 1.4.1 Total coliform (TC) and E.coli. 24 7 Page 1.4.2 Fecal coliform (FC). 25 1.4.3 Other less commonly used bacterial indicator. 26 1.4.3.1 Fecal streptococci (Enterococci). 26 1.4.4.2 Sulfite-reducing Clostridia. 26 1.4.4.3 Bacteriophages. 27 1.5 Drinking water treatment. 28 The Challenge of disinfection by-product. 30 1.6 Objectives. 32 Chapter two Methodology 33 2.1 Types of collected samples 34 2.1.1 Area of collection. 34 2.1.2 The sources of samples. 34 2.1.3 The years of taken samples. 34 2.1.4 The season of taken samples 34 2.2 sample collection 35 2.3 Receiving samples at the laboratory 35 2.4 Detection of total coliforms. 35 2.5 detection of fecal coliforms. 36 2.6 Data analysis 36 Chapter three Results 37 3.1 Distribution of water samples. 38 3.1.1 Distribution according to years. 38 3.1.1.1 Concentration of free chlorine in the year studied 38 3.1.1.2 Levels of total coliform in the year studied. 39 3.1.1.3 Levels of fecal coliform in the year studied. 40 3.1.2 Distribution according to area. 41 3.1.2.1 Concentration of free chlorine in the area studied 41 3.1.2.2 Levels of total coliform in the area studied. 42 3.1.2.3 Levels of fecal coliform in the year studied. 42 3.1.3 Distribution according to sources of sampling. 43 3.1.3.1 Concentration of free chlorine and sources of sampling. 43 3.1.3.2 Levels of total coliform and sources of sampling. 44 3.1.3.3 Levels of fecal coliform and sources of sampling. 45 3.1.4 Distribution according to season. 46 3.1.4.1 Concentration of free chlorine and season. 46 3.1.4.2 Levels of total coliform and season. 47 3.1.4.3 Levels of fecal coliform and season. 48 Chapter four Discussion 49 4.1 Level of (FCR), (TC), (FC) in years studied. 50 4.2 Level of (FCR), (TC), (FC) in area studied. 51 4.3 Level of (FCR), (TC), (FC) and sources of sampling. 53 4.4 Level of (FCR), (TC), (FC) and the seasons. 54 8 Page Conclusion. 56 Recommendations. 57 Limitations. 58 References 59 .


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